The Semiconductor Advantage: How Quantum Computing is Building on Existing Technology

Introduction

Unlike other quantum computing approaches that require extensive new development, semiconductor quantum computers are emerging as a practical alternative by leveraging existing technology. This approach is creating a more accessible path to quantum computing implementation through familiar components and manufacturing processes.

Cooling Systems: Simpler Than You Think

Semiconductor quantum computers don't require the elaborate dilution refrigerators used in other quantum systems. Instead, they utilize more manageable options like 4KGM refrigerators and pulse tube refrigerators, with companies such as Sumitomo Heavy Industries providing these cooling solutions. This represents a significant advantage in terms of operational complexity and cost.

Control Systems Going Digital

Wiring for these systems involves either coaxial or DC connections, with Intel leading development of digital approaches that use standard DC wiring. This digital method employs voltage-based block pulse control, substantially simplifying the room temperature equipment needed compared to other quantum computing approaches.

Established test and measurement companies including Keysight, Zurich Instruments, and Anritsu are already providing much of the necessary control and measurement equipment.

Leveraging Existing Chip Fabrication

Perhaps most importantly, the quantum chips themselves are manufactured using existing processes from leading semiconductor foundries like TSMC, Samsung, GlobalFoundries, and Intel. Both planar and FinFET technologies are being utilized, allowing quantum computing development to proceed as a natural extension of traditional semiconductor technology.

Materials: Innovation on a Silicon Foundation

While silicon remains the base material for most semiconductor quantum computers, companies like ASPI are developing enhanced materials to improve performance. This approach maintains compatibility with existing manufacturing while pushing the boundaries of what's possible.

The Road Ahead

Over the next year or two, we can expect to see more traditional semiconductor companies announcing their entry into the quantum computing field. This convergence of quantum physics with established semiconductor technology is creating a promising pathway for practical quantum computing implementation.

By building on decades of semiconductor manufacturing expertise rather than starting from scratch, this approach may accelerate the timeline for commercially viable quantum computing solutions.