The Day Quantum Engineers Can No Longer Build Quantum Computers
A Turning Point in Quantum Computer Development
In recent years, a quiet transformation has been underway in the field of quantum computer development. While quantum physicists and engineers once led the charge, the momentum is now shifting rapidly toward semiconductor technology, with the leadership in development gradually transitioning to new hands.
The Rise of Semiconductor Technology
Today’s quantum computer development increasingly relies on semiconductor processes, advanced microfabrication techniques, and specialized materials knowledge. Commercial-scale semiconductor fabrication flows and materials science now require expertise that goes beyond the reach of traditional quantum engineers. As a result, it is becoming difficult for quantum specialists alone to design and manufacture quantum computers.
Early Examples in the Software Domain
This shift has already become evident in the software domain. Where quantum engineers once developed quantum SDKs and programming frameworks, today the driving force comes from engineers proficient in GPU architectures such as CUDA. Technologists without a background in quantum physics—but well-versed in high-performance parallel computing and optimization—are often gaining the upper hand in development.
The Reality of Hardware Development
The trend is even more pronounced on the hardware side. In the development of superconducting qubits and photonic quantum computers, engineers with backgrounds in semiconductor fabrication are now playing central roles. Meanwhile, the scope of involvement for pure quantum engineers continues to narrow. While a deep understanding of quantum mechanics remains a necessary condition, it is no longer a sufficient one.
The Need for Interdisciplinary Approaches
This shift signals that quantum computing is entering a phase of industrial maturity. As the field transitions from research to practical and commercial application, the integration of diverse areas of expertise becomes increasingly essential.
For quantum engineers to remain vital in this evolving landscape, they must either actively acquire knowledge in adjacent fields such as semiconductor processes and materials science, or find effective ways to collaborate with specialists from other domains.
The future of quantum computing may no longer belong solely to quantum physics—it will likely be shaped by the fusion of many different technologies.